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Soil Mechanics

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प्लास्टर गर्ने क्रममा पालना गर्नुपर्ने केहि महत्वपूर्ण मापदण्डहरू

नेपालका DUDBC (Department of Urban Development and Building Construction) का अनुसार भवनमा प्लास्टर गर्ने क्रममा पालना गर्नुपर्ने केहि महत्वपूर्ण मापदण्डहरू निम्नलिखित छन्: सतहको तयारी : प्लास्टर गर्नु अघि दीवारको सतह सफा र सहज हुनुपर्छ। कुनै पनि धूलो, माटो, तेल, गन्दा पदार्थ हटाउनुपर्छ। यदि आवश्यक भएमा, दीवारलाई हल्का गीला गर्नु पर्छ जसले प्लास्टरलाई राम्रोसँग चिप्काउन मद्दत पुर्याउँछ। प्लास्टर मिक्सचर : प्लास्टरका लागि सीमेंट र बालुवाको अनुपात सामान्यतया १:४ राखिन्छ, तर स्थानको वातावरण र आवश्यकता अनुसार यसमा थोरै परिवर्तन गर्न सकिन्छ। मिश्रणलाई राम्रोसँग मिक्स गर्नु महत्त्वपूर्ण छ जसले समान गुणस्तरको प्लास्टर उत्पादन गर्दछ। प्लास्टरको मोटाई : बाहिरी दीवारको प्लास्टरको मोटाई प्रायः १२ देखि १५ मिलिमिटर हुनुपर्छ। भित्री दीवारमा सामान्यतया १० देखि १२ मिलिमिटर मोटाई राखिन्छ। सामग्रीको गुणस्तर : प्लास्टरका लागि प्रयोग हुने सामग्रीहरू जस्तै सीमेंट र बालू उच्च गुणस्तरीय हुनुपर्छ। कमजोर सामग्री प्रयोग नगर्नुहोस्। नम्नु र सुकाइराख्नु : प्लास्टर गरेर सकेपछि,...

Ground Coverage Rules in Nepal: A Complete Guide for Homeowners and Builders

In Nepal’s growing towns and cities, the way we build our homes and buildings is becoming more important every day. One key aspect of construction that many people overlook is the ground coverage area. Simply put, ground coverage refers to the area of land that a building covers. It does not include balconies, open spaces, or gardens—just the part of the land directly under the structure. Why is Ground Coverage Important? In places like Kathmandu, Pokhara, and other urban centers of Nepal, land is limited, and population is increasing. If every house covers 100% of the land, there will be no open space for sunlight, ventilation, drainage, or even trees. That's why Nepal's building codes—like those set by the Nepal Building Code (NBC) and local municipalities—have clear rules about how much of your land you can cover with a building. For example, if you own a 1000 sq. ft. plot, and the law says only 60% ground coverage is allowed, your building footprint should not exceed 600 sq...

Concrete One Liner Notes

1. For quality control of Portland cement, the test essentially done is : setting time , soundness , tensile strength , consistency . 2. Under normal conditions using an ordinary cement, the period of removal of the form work, is : 7 days for beam soffits 14 days for bottom slabs of spans 4.6 m and more 21 days for bottom beams over 6 m spans 2 days for vertical sides of columns 3. W p and W f are the weights of a cylinder containing partially compacted and fully compacted concrete. If the compaction factor is 0.95, the workability of concrete is high . 4. For given water content, workability decreases if the concrete aggregates contain an excess of thin particles , flat particles , elongated particles , fla...

How Tall Can You Build in Nepal? Rules, Limits & Famous Examples

When we walk around a city like Kathmandu , we see many types of buildings—small houses, big shopping malls, temples, and now even tall towers. But have you ever thought, “How tall can a building be?” Or, “Can I build this type of building on my land?” Today, let’s talk about height of building in simple words, with real example like Kathmandu View Tower . This topic is important for homeowners , engineers , contractors , and even for students preparing Loksewa or engineering exams. 1. What is Building Height? Building height means the vertical height from the ground level to the top of the building . But it depends on the type of roof: If building has flat roof , height is measured up to terrace . If roof is sloped more than 30° , height is measured to the center of the slope . If roof is sloped less than 30° , it is measured to the eaves level (where wall meets roof). This helps in measuring buildings in a fair and same way. 2. Why Height is Controlled? Maybe you...

पर्खाल बनाउँदा सावधान! नियमको पालना गर्नुभयो ?

आजको निर्माण क्षेत्रको सन्दर्भमा कम्पाउण्ड वाल (घेराबार पर्खाल) एउटा महत्वपूर्ण भाग हो, जसले निजी वा संस्थागत सम्पत्तिको सिमा निर्धारण गर्न सहयोग गर्छ। यसले अनधिकृत प्रवेश, चोरी तथा बाहिरी असरहरूबाट सुरक्षा प्रदान गर्नुका साथै गोपनीयता कायम राख्न, सौन्दर्य थप्न र कानुनी सिमांकन सुनिश्चित गर्न ठूलो भूमिका खेल्छ । यति महत्वपूर्ण भए तापनि धेरै जग्गाधनीहरूलाई कम्पाउण्ड वाल निर्माण गर्नु केवल आफ्नो चाहना वा आवश्यकता जस्तो लागेको हुन्छ । तर,यसको निर्माण को लागि संघीय सरकार, भवन भिवाग वा सम्बन्धित स्थानिय तह ले तोकेको नियम तथा निर्देशिका ( जस्तै यसको उचाइ, निर्माण सामग्री, डिजाइन, सडक वा छिमेकीको सिमाबाटको दूरी लगायत विषयमा ) प्रायलाई थाहा हुँदैन। केही मानिसहरूलाई यस्ता नियम छन् भन्ने मात्र थाहा हुन्छ, तर तिनको विवरण, औचित्य वा पालना गर्नुपर्ने आवश्यकता बारेमा जानकारी हुँदैन। जसका कारण धेरैजसो समय योजना विना वा गैरकानुनी रुपमा निर्माण गरिन्छ, जुन पछि जरिवाना वा भत्काउने आदेशमा परिणत हुन सक्छ। त्यसैले, कम्पाउण्ड वाल बनाउनु अघि सरकारी निर्देशिका र इन्जिनियरिङ मापदण्डहरू को जानकारी लिनु अत...

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